The Department of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery delivers specialised tertiary care to patients requiring surgery for a variety of reasons and indications. Plastic Surgery is derived from the Greek word, plastikos, which means "to mould". This explains the basic characteristic of plastic surgical procedures, which employs meticulous surgical techniques to mould and tailor the various tissues of the body to either fill a defect created by injuries or tumours, or to enhance the appearance of a certain part of the body.
The Department of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, in addition continues to be involved in the teaching and training of medical students, junior doctors and plastic surgical trainees, and as a vibrant and research-orientated Department, actively contributes to the academic environment of the Hospital.
The Department provides services in the following areas:
Burns
Comprehensive burns injury care and management:
Actue care
Post-burn care
Rehabilitation
Scar management
Congenital Abnormalities
Cleft lip and palate correction 1
Congenital craniofacial abnormality correction
Congenital hand, facial and urogenital abnormality correction
Craniomaxillofacial Deformities / Trauma
Facial trauma management
Craniomaxillofacial deformity
Orthognathic surgery
Reconstructive Surgery for Cancer, Trauma and Infection
Breast reconstruction following mastectomy
Head and neck reconstruction following cancer-clearing surgery
Lower limb trauma
Post-infection reconstruction of any part of the body
Removal and reconstruction of skin cancers
Aesthetic Surgery
Hair transplants
Face lifts (rhytidectomy)
Eyelid surgery (blepharoplasty)
Liposuction
Tummy-tuck (abdominoplasty)
Breast enlargement / reduction / lift (augmentation mammaplasty, reduction mammaplasty, mastopexy)
Laser surgery - removal of moles, tattoos, resurfacing
Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) treatment
Chemical peels and facial skin care
Staff Members Sub-Specialty
Head & Senior Consultant
Dr. Colin Song
MBBCh, FRCS (Edin), FAMS
gplson@sgh.com.sg Burns, Wound Care, Microsurgery, Aesthetic
Chairman Division of Surgery, Senior Consultant
A/Prof Tan Kok Chai
MBBS, FRCS (Eng), FAMS, Clinical Associate Professor
gpltkc@sgh.com.sg Reconstructive Microsurgery, Aesthetic
Senior Consultant
A/ Prof Foo Chee Liam
MBBS, FRCS (Edin), FRCS (Eng)
Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Aesthetic
Prof. Lee Seng Teik
MBBS, FRCS (Edin), FAMS, FRACS (Plastic Surg)(Hons), Clinical Professor
Congenital Abnormalities
Dr. Tan Bien Keem
MBBS, FRCS (Edin)
Reconstructive Microsurgery, Aesthetic
Dr. Yeow Kok Leng, Vincent
MBBS, FRCS (Edin & Glasg)
Cleft & Craniofacial Surgery, Aesthetic
Consultant
Dr. Sng Wei Ee, Karen
MBChB (UK), MRCS (Edin), M Med (Surg)
Cleft & Craniofacial Surgery, Aesthetic Surgery
Average Plastic Surgery Costs
This information serves as a guide to help potential plastic surgery patients prepare for elective surgery. For more information regarding procedural costs and the affordability of surgery, please visit our plastic surgery financing page.
Procedure Physician
Surgeon Fees* Number of treatments Back to Work
Abdominoplasty (tummy tuck) $5,232 One 1-3 weeks
Botox $382 Repeat treatments 4-6 months No downtime
Breast Augmentation - Saline $3,583 One 1-2 weeks
Breast Augmentation - Silicone $4,005 One 1-2 weeks
Breast Lift $4,258 One 1-2 weeks
Breast Reduction $5,550 One 1-2 weeks
Buttock Lift $4,878 One 10-14 days
Cellulite treatment
(mechanical roller massage therapy) $223 Ongoing No downtime
Cheek Implants $2,720 One 1-2 weeks
Chemical Peel
(ranges from light to deep) $848 One or multiple
Depends on type of peel Depends on type of peel
Chin Augmentation $2,095 One 1-2 weeks
Dermabrasion $1,376 Multiple sessions 7-10 days
Ear Surgery $2,951 One 5 days
Eyelid Surgery $2,813 One Within 10 days
Facelift $6,298 One Within 2 weeks
Forehead Lift (Brow Lift) $3,148 One Within 10 days
Gynecomastia, treatment of (Male Breast Reduction) $3,305 One 1 week
Hair Transplant $5,033 Multiple sessions over 1-2 years Several days
Laser Hair Removal $347 Ongoing No downtime
Laser Skin Resurfacing $2,484 One or multiple depending on laser and skin condition Variable, up to 14 days
Laser treatment of Leg Veins $407 Multiple sessions No downtime
Lip Augmentation (surgical) $1,819 One Within 1 week
Lipoplasty (liposuction) -
suction-assisted $2,697 One 1-2 weeks
Lipoplasty (liposuction) - ultrasound-assisted $2,979 One 1-2 weeks
Lower Body Lift $7,810 One Up to 4 weeks
Microdermabrasion $149 Multiple sessions 2-3 week intervals No downtime
Rhinoplasty $4,188 One 7-10 days
Sclerotherapy $326 3-4 treatments
Injections No downtime
Soft Tissue Fillers
1) Autologous Fat $1,395 Highly variable, repeat treatments 1-4 days, Extensive 7-14 days
2) Calcium hydroxylapatite (Radiesse/Radiance) $911 Repeat treatments 2 years or longer No downtime
3) Collagen $398-488 Repeat treatments 3-6 months No downtime
4) Hyaluronic acid (Hylaform, Restylane) $527 Repeat treatments 4 months - 1 year No downtime
Thigh Lift $4,653 One 2-4 weeks
Upper Arm Lift $3,610 One 1-2 weeks
Procedure Physician
Surgeon Fees* Number of treatments Back to Work
Abdominoplasty (tummy tuck) $5,232 One 1-3 weeks
Botox $382 Repeat treatments 4-6 months No downtime
Breast Augmentation - Saline $3,583 One 1-2 weeks
Breast Augmentation - Silicone $4,005 One 1-2 weeks
Breast Lift $4,258 One 1-2 weeks
Breast Reduction $5,550 One 1-2 weeks
Buttock Lift $4,878 One 10-14 days
Cellulite treatment
(mechanical roller massage therapy) $223 Ongoing No downtime
Cheek Implants $2,720 One 1-2 weeks
Chemical Peel
(ranges from light to deep) $848 One or multiple
Depends on type of peel Depends on type of peel
Chin Augmentation $2,095 One 1-2 weeks
Dermabrasion $1,376 Multiple sessions 7-10 days
Ear Surgery $2,951 One 5 days
Eyelid Surgery $2,813 One Within 10 days
Facelift $6,298 One Within 2 weeks
Forehead Lift (Brow Lift) $3,148 One Within 10 days
Gynecomastia, treatment of (Male Breast Reduction) $3,305 One 1 week
Hair Transplant $5,033 Multiple sessions over 1-2 years Several days
Laser Hair Removal $347 Ongoing No downtime
Laser Skin Resurfacing $2,484 One or multiple depending on laser and skin condition Variable, up to 14 days
Laser treatment of Leg Veins $407 Multiple sessions No downtime
Lip Augmentation (surgical) $1,819 One Within 1 week
Lipoplasty (liposuction) -
suction-assisted $2,697 One 1-2 weeks
Lipoplasty (liposuction) - ultrasound-assisted $2,979 One 1-2 weeks
Lower Body Lift $7,810 One Up to 4 weeks
Microdermabrasion $149 Multiple sessions 2-3 week intervals No downtime
Rhinoplasty $4,188 One 7-10 days
Sclerotherapy $326 3-4 treatments
Injections No downtime
Soft Tissue Fillers
1) Autologous Fat $1,395 Highly variable, repeat treatments 1-4 days, Extensive 7-14 days
2) Calcium hydroxylapatite (Radiesse/Radiance) $911 Repeat treatments 2 years or longer No downtime
3) Collagen $398-488 Repeat treatments 3-6 months No downtime
4) Hyaluronic acid (Hylaform, Restylane) $527 Repeat treatments 4 months - 1 year No downtime
Thigh Lift $4,653 One 2-4 weeks
Upper Arm Lift $3,610 One 1-2 weeks
Plastic Surgery Glossary
A
Arm Lift (Upper arm lift or "brachioplasty"): Removes excess skin and fat from upper arms
Artecoll ® (also known as ArteFill): Facial filler; non-surgical
B
BOTOX ® Cosmetic: Facial filler; non-surgical
Breast Augmentation ("augmentation mammaplasty"): enlarge breast size
Breast Lift ("mastopexy"): raises the breasts to a higher level
Breast Reconstruction: Can be used with breast implants following the removal of breasts - a "mastectomy"
Breast Reduction ("reduction mammaplasty"): A procedure for reducing breast size
Brow Lift (short for "eyebrow lift," and also known as a "forehead lift"): corrects the problem areas of the upper facial region (drooping brows, upper eyelids, sagging skin on forehead)
C
Calf Implants: Implants used to increase the size and shape of the calf muscles.
Cheek Implant ("malar augmentation"): Enhances shape, contour, and balance of face
Chemical Peel (a facial peel; different types): skin rejuvenation treatment; non-surgical
Chin Augmentation ("chin surgery" or "mentoplasty"): reshapes chin with an implant
D
Dermabrasion (a skin refinishing treatment): skin rejuvenation treatment; non-surgical
E
Ear Surgery ("otoplasty"): Reshapes ear for cosmetic or reconstructive purposes
Eyelid Surgery ("blepharoplasty"): Corrects drooping eyelids and bags
F
Facelift ("rhytidectomy"): Raises sagging skin of the face and neck
Facial Fillers (dermal fillers): Many types; non-surgical
Facial implants: Can be used for the cheeks, chin, jaw, or even nose. (See also, Cheek Implant.)
Fat Grafting ("autologous fat transfer" or fat injections): extracted from one area of the body and injected into another
G
Gastric Bypass ("gastrointestinal surgery" or commonly known as weight loss surgery): To remove excess amounts of fat from the body
H
Hair Transplant/Replacement: Caused by aging, hormones, or family history. Hair folicles are transplanted from healthy donor area.
I
Injectable fillers (also known as dermal fillers or facial fillers): Restylane, Juvederm, Collagen injections, etc. (See also, Facial Fillers.)
J
Jaw Implant ("mandibular augmentation"): Add prominence and balance to face
L
Laser Skin Resurfacing ("laser peel"): Facial rejuvenation treatment; non-surgical
Lip Augmentation: With the use of a facial filler such as Restylane or collagen
Liposuction ("suction-assisted lipectomy," "suction lipectomy," or "lipoplasty"): Removes excess fat from nearly any area of the body
M
Male Breast Reduction: reduces the size of a male breasts, the condition known as "gynecomastia"
Microdermabrasion (A skin refinishing treatment or a "lunchtime peel"): skin rejuvenation treatment; non-surgical
Mini Facelift (The "S" Lift or "Mid Face Lift"): Reduces signs of aging in the lower half of the face
N
Nose Surgery ("rhinoplasty," "nose reshaping," or "nasal reconstruction"): Reshaping and/or resizing the nose
S
Skin resurfacing ("laser peel"): Facial rejuvenation treatment; non-surgical. (See also, Laser Skin Resurfacing.)
Scar Revision (scar repair therapy): Can be treated a variety of ways
Spider Veins ("sclerotherapy"): Involving treatment through injection or laser
Arm Lift (Upper arm lift or "brachioplasty"): Removes excess skin and fat from upper arms
Artecoll ® (also known as ArteFill): Facial filler; non-surgical
B
BOTOX ® Cosmetic: Facial filler; non-surgical
Breast Augmentation ("augmentation mammaplasty"): enlarge breast size
Breast Lift ("mastopexy"): raises the breasts to a higher level
Breast Reconstruction: Can be used with breast implants following the removal of breasts - a "mastectomy"
Breast Reduction ("reduction mammaplasty"): A procedure for reducing breast size
Brow Lift (short for "eyebrow lift," and also known as a "forehead lift"): corrects the problem areas of the upper facial region (drooping brows, upper eyelids, sagging skin on forehead)
C
Calf Implants: Implants used to increase the size and shape of the calf muscles.
Cheek Implant ("malar augmentation"): Enhances shape, contour, and balance of face
Chemical Peel (a facial peel; different types): skin rejuvenation treatment; non-surgical
Chin Augmentation ("chin surgery" or "mentoplasty"): reshapes chin with an implant
D
Dermabrasion (a skin refinishing treatment): skin rejuvenation treatment; non-surgical
E
Ear Surgery ("otoplasty"): Reshapes ear for cosmetic or reconstructive purposes
Eyelid Surgery ("blepharoplasty"): Corrects drooping eyelids and bags
F
Facelift ("rhytidectomy"): Raises sagging skin of the face and neck
Facial Fillers (dermal fillers): Many types; non-surgical
Facial implants: Can be used for the cheeks, chin, jaw, or even nose. (See also, Cheek Implant.)
Fat Grafting ("autologous fat transfer" or fat injections): extracted from one area of the body and injected into another
G
Gastric Bypass ("gastrointestinal surgery" or commonly known as weight loss surgery): To remove excess amounts of fat from the body
H
Hair Transplant/Replacement: Caused by aging, hormones, or family history. Hair folicles are transplanted from healthy donor area.
I
Injectable fillers (also known as dermal fillers or facial fillers): Restylane, Juvederm, Collagen injections, etc. (See also, Facial Fillers.)
J
Jaw Implant ("mandibular augmentation"): Add prominence and balance to face
L
Laser Skin Resurfacing ("laser peel"): Facial rejuvenation treatment; non-surgical
Lip Augmentation: With the use of a facial filler such as Restylane or collagen
Liposuction ("suction-assisted lipectomy," "suction lipectomy," or "lipoplasty"): Removes excess fat from nearly any area of the body
M
Male Breast Reduction: reduces the size of a male breasts, the condition known as "gynecomastia"
Microdermabrasion (A skin refinishing treatment or a "lunchtime peel"): skin rejuvenation treatment; non-surgical
Mini Facelift (The "S" Lift or "Mid Face Lift"): Reduces signs of aging in the lower half of the face
N
Nose Surgery ("rhinoplasty," "nose reshaping," or "nasal reconstruction"): Reshaping and/or resizing the nose
S
Skin resurfacing ("laser peel"): Facial rejuvenation treatment; non-surgical. (See also, Laser Skin Resurfacing.)
Scar Revision (scar repair therapy): Can be treated a variety of ways
Spider Veins ("sclerotherapy"): Involving treatment through injection or laser
ANTI AGING SKIN REJUVENATION
ANTI AGING & SKIN REJUVENATION
Men and women alike share a common desire to have a healthy, youthful skin. Exposure to the sun, to the elements, and detrimental living habits all contribute to the appearance of our skin today. MEDSPA skin treatments have become very popular with those who are concerned about skin aging, acne scarring, sun damaged skin, age spots, freckles, fine lines, rough skin and uneven pigmentation. A variety of anti aging skin treatment are available at the MedSpa to suit your needs, desires, time constraints, and your budget. These vary from relaxing and rejuvenating Medical Facials (PD2C) to the deeply therapeutic Intense Pulse light and Laser treatments.
Laser Skin Rejuvenation Fillers
Microdermabrasion Botox
Chemical Peels Sclerotherapy
Medical Facial - MedSpa's PD2C Mesotherapy
Laser Skin Rejuvenation
At the MEDSPA we use the most advanced LASER technology, Non-ablative Laser Smoothbeam by Candela Corp., so that you receive gentle laser treatments delivered in short "lunch time" procedures. This laser is suited for all skin types. After skin treatment you can go right back to work or dinner without anyone even knowing you have had treatment. Laser treatments usually require 3 to 6 sittings.
At MedSpa - we offer MEDSPA'S TOTAL DERM LASER TREATMENT. We combine each laser session with Microdermabrasion to treat both the outer and inner layers of the skin. This is the MOST comprehensive laser skin treatment available. This treatment is used for - Acne, Pigmentation, Scars, Acne Scars, Wrinkles and Brown Spots Removal.
Laser treatment is applied in a series of gentle pulses over the specific area. The CoolTouch laser's patented technology utilizes a cryogen mist to protect and cool the skin while the heat of the laser treats the underlying tissue. Light emitted from the laser penetrates the skin, without damaging the surface skin, and is absorbed by the deep skin this triggers your body to repair, rebuild, and replenish the natural skin tissue. This natural reaction stimulates collagen formation. Results are achieved from the inside out. Your skin will begin looking younger and softer as a result of treatment.
Discomfort is minimal and there is a little to no time down time involved. You can apply make-up following treatment and resume regular daily activities immediately.
Microdermabrasion
Microdermabrasion is the most natural way to evenly and safely exfoliate the skin without chemicals or laser. The treatment utilizes crystals to finely resurface superficial layers of the skin. MegaPeel is right for all skin types and for anyone interested in improving the appearance of uneven skin tones, dull, lifeless and sun-damaged skin. Specific problems microdermabrasion treats include stretch marks, acne, acne scars, brown spots, uneven pigmentation, scarring, fine lines and wrinkles. This is an especially good treatment to combine with a Medi-facial.
The only closed circuit "sterile" microdermabrasion technology available in the U.S. today is the Megapeel System. We have brought the top-rated Platinum version of this machine for our discerning guests at the Medspa.
Chemical Peels
Chemical Peels can enhance your appearance by reducing blotchy and uneven pigmentation, fine lines and wrinkles, freckling, age spots, sun-damaged skin, and acne scars in a relatively short period of time. Chemical peels stimulate the production of new cells. Chemical peels are not limited to the face and can be performed on the neck, chest, hands, arms, shoulders, and legs just about anywhere! Enjoy fresh smooth skin!
Chemical peels are classified as superficial, medium and deep peels.
Only U.S. FDA approved peels are used at the MEDSPA. These are the safest peels. Your skin can get to look baby-fresh and blemish free.
Medical Facial - MedSpa's PD2C
MedSpa introduces a breakthrough in skin care - PD2C treatments. Physician Directed Derm Care treatments are customized skin treatments and skin care regimes FORMULATED and PRESCRIBED by MedSpa's physicians. Our physicians come with years of skin, cosmetic surgery and plastic surgery experience to give you the most complete aesthetic and medical advise available -To make you look your best! Individually tailored PD2C Facials help to rejuvenate the skin and refresh the soul. Each Medi - Facial is customized to meet your specific skin care needs.
Our medical staff will assess your skin and then formulate an individualized treatment based on your specific needs and desired results. Treatments are recommended for your specific skin type, skin age and skin problem - offering complete customized care, directed by our physicians. Products used are specially formulated for the medical setting. Your skin will feel luxuriously clean, soft and revitalized.
Fillers
A variety of filling agents are available to fill up deep lines and wrinkles on the face by means of skin injections. Some of these may require an allergy test prior to being used. At MedSpa, we use only FDA approved agents for this purpose. The effects take only a few days and last for a variable period of time ranging from 3-4 months to a couple of years. Autologous fat (your own body fat) can also be used as a filling agent.
Botox®
Botulinum Toxin offers a temporary solution to the underlying cause of facial line, especially those between the brows, around the eyes, nose (bunny lines) , and the forehead lines. This is achieved through paralyzing the muscle function for 4 to 5 months at a time. The treatment may be repeated after this time for continued effect. Only FDA approved Allergan Botox® is used at MedSpa to insure purity and safety.
Mesotherapy
Mesotherapy, a "cocktail" of vitamins, herbs, and other active ingredients, are injected in to the skin to improve the health of the skin and to reduce cellulite. This technique uses multiple micro injections, which go under the skin and absorbed by the mesodermal (middle) layer.
Sclerotherapy
Unslightly spider veins and varicose veins can be treated with minute amounts of sclerosing agents through very fine needles. This can result in the disappearance of both the fine spider veins and the medium varicose veins.
Men and women alike share a common desire to have a healthy, youthful skin. Exposure to the sun, to the elements, and detrimental living habits all contribute to the appearance of our skin today. MEDSPA skin treatments have become very popular with those who are concerned about skin aging, acne scarring, sun damaged skin, age spots, freckles, fine lines, rough skin and uneven pigmentation. A variety of anti aging skin treatment are available at the MedSpa to suit your needs, desires, time constraints, and your budget. These vary from relaxing and rejuvenating Medical Facials (PD2C) to the deeply therapeutic Intense Pulse light and Laser treatments.
Laser Skin Rejuvenation Fillers
Microdermabrasion Botox
Chemical Peels Sclerotherapy
Medical Facial - MedSpa's PD2C Mesotherapy
Laser Skin Rejuvenation
At the MEDSPA we use the most advanced LASER technology, Non-ablative Laser Smoothbeam by Candela Corp., so that you receive gentle laser treatments delivered in short "lunch time" procedures. This laser is suited for all skin types. After skin treatment you can go right back to work or dinner without anyone even knowing you have had treatment. Laser treatments usually require 3 to 6 sittings.
At MedSpa - we offer MEDSPA'S TOTAL DERM LASER TREATMENT. We combine each laser session with Microdermabrasion to treat both the outer and inner layers of the skin. This is the MOST comprehensive laser skin treatment available. This treatment is used for - Acne, Pigmentation, Scars, Acne Scars, Wrinkles and Brown Spots Removal.
Laser treatment is applied in a series of gentle pulses over the specific area. The CoolTouch laser's patented technology utilizes a cryogen mist to protect and cool the skin while the heat of the laser treats the underlying tissue. Light emitted from the laser penetrates the skin, without damaging the surface skin, and is absorbed by the deep skin this triggers your body to repair, rebuild, and replenish the natural skin tissue. This natural reaction stimulates collagen formation. Results are achieved from the inside out. Your skin will begin looking younger and softer as a result of treatment.
Discomfort is minimal and there is a little to no time down time involved. You can apply make-up following treatment and resume regular daily activities immediately.
Microdermabrasion
Microdermabrasion is the most natural way to evenly and safely exfoliate the skin without chemicals or laser. The treatment utilizes crystals to finely resurface superficial layers of the skin. MegaPeel is right for all skin types and for anyone interested in improving the appearance of uneven skin tones, dull, lifeless and sun-damaged skin. Specific problems microdermabrasion treats include stretch marks, acne, acne scars, brown spots, uneven pigmentation, scarring, fine lines and wrinkles. This is an especially good treatment to combine with a Medi-facial.
The only closed circuit "sterile" microdermabrasion technology available in the U.S. today is the Megapeel System. We have brought the top-rated Platinum version of this machine for our discerning guests at the Medspa.
Chemical Peels
Chemical Peels can enhance your appearance by reducing blotchy and uneven pigmentation, fine lines and wrinkles, freckling, age spots, sun-damaged skin, and acne scars in a relatively short period of time. Chemical peels stimulate the production of new cells. Chemical peels are not limited to the face and can be performed on the neck, chest, hands, arms, shoulders, and legs just about anywhere! Enjoy fresh smooth skin!
Chemical peels are classified as superficial, medium and deep peels.
Only U.S. FDA approved peels are used at the MEDSPA. These are the safest peels. Your skin can get to look baby-fresh and blemish free.
Medical Facial - MedSpa's PD2C
MedSpa introduces a breakthrough in skin care - PD2C treatments. Physician Directed Derm Care treatments are customized skin treatments and skin care regimes FORMULATED and PRESCRIBED by MedSpa's physicians. Our physicians come with years of skin, cosmetic surgery and plastic surgery experience to give you the most complete aesthetic and medical advise available -To make you look your best! Individually tailored PD2C Facials help to rejuvenate the skin and refresh the soul. Each Medi - Facial is customized to meet your specific skin care needs.
Our medical staff will assess your skin and then formulate an individualized treatment based on your specific needs and desired results. Treatments are recommended for your specific skin type, skin age and skin problem - offering complete customized care, directed by our physicians. Products used are specially formulated for the medical setting. Your skin will feel luxuriously clean, soft and revitalized.
Fillers
A variety of filling agents are available to fill up deep lines and wrinkles on the face by means of skin injections. Some of these may require an allergy test prior to being used. At MedSpa, we use only FDA approved agents for this purpose. The effects take only a few days and last for a variable period of time ranging from 3-4 months to a couple of years. Autologous fat (your own body fat) can also be used as a filling agent.
Botox®
Botulinum Toxin offers a temporary solution to the underlying cause of facial line, especially those between the brows, around the eyes, nose (bunny lines) , and the forehead lines. This is achieved through paralyzing the muscle function for 4 to 5 months at a time. The treatment may be repeated after this time for continued effect. Only FDA approved Allergan Botox® is used at MedSpa to insure purity and safety.
Mesotherapy
Mesotherapy, a "cocktail" of vitamins, herbs, and other active ingredients, are injected in to the skin to improve the health of the skin and to reduce cellulite. This technique uses multiple micro injections, which go under the skin and absorbed by the mesodermal (middle) layer.
Sclerotherapy
Unslightly spider veins and varicose veins can be treated with minute amounts of sclerosing agents through very fine needles. This can result in the disappearance of both the fine spider veins and the medium varicose veins.
Beverly Hills Plastic Surgery
Beverly Hills Plastic Surgery
Tummy Tuck or Abdominoplasty: Our unique approach to this plastic surgery procedure, including the Rodeo Drive Belly Button™ and the Rodeo Drive Mommy Makeover™ has been highlighted in many media outlets including The Wall Street Journal, The Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles Magazine, KTLA Morning News, Univision, England's Daily Mail, Japan's Chocolat Sienne Magazine, and on French Television. Our Rodeo Drive Belly Button™ was named the #1 new trend in US plastic surgery by Grazia, Britain’s most popular glossy magazine.
Liposuction: Rodeo Drive Plastic Surgery has developed a specialized "center within a center" focusing solely on providing expert liposuction. LipoPlus combines state of the art equipment, specialized staff training, and advanced technology to create the best possible liposuction results and customized recovery programs. First Year of Your Diet in a DayTM provides select candidates with especially dramatic body transformation. Our approach to liposuction recently made news on Access Hollywood, KTLA Morning News, The Los Angeles Daily News, and Telemundo.
Breast Augmentation: Our plastic surgeons provide expert breast enhancement with both saline and silicone breast implants. We also provide specialist breast implant revision, for people who have had previous breast augmentation surgery. Our work doing breast augmentation has been featured in The Los Angeles Times, InTouch Magazine, Access Hollywood, and Univision.
Breast Lift or Mastopexy: Breast rejuvenation offers dramatic improvements in the shape and contour of breasts. This procedure is often combined with other procedures as part of the Rodeo Drive Mommy Makeover™.
Facelift: Our approach to facial rejuvenation stresses very natural results, with minimal downtime following the procedure.
Eyelid Surgery or Blepharoplasty: Facial rejuvenation can be very impressive when the eyelids are refreshed. Eyelid lift procedures can dramatically enhance facial appearance.
New! Read about
our Gift Card.
Featured on CNBC.
Brow Lift: This procedure can provide excellent improvement and freshening of facial appearance for both men and women.
Nose Reshaping or Rhinoplasty: By improving the shape of the nose, our plastic surgeons help patients achieve the facial appearance they have been looking for. Our plastic surgeons are experts in both primary and revision nose plastic surgery.
Plastic Surgery for Men: Men are different from women, and plastic surgery must be customized for them. Our plastic surgeons understand the unique anatomic and other plastic surgery requirements of men. This is one of our specialties at Rodeo Drive Plastic Surgery, and our work doing cosmetic surgery for men has been featured on Access Hollywood, KTLA Morning News, and The Los Angeles Daily News.
Rodeo Drive Chin Rejuvenation™: This minimally invasive procedure can provide impressive results to both women and men unhappy with fullness in the neck or a "double chin."
BOTOX ® Cosmetic, Restylane, Juvederm, Sculptra: Our expert physicians can achieve dramatic results with these non-surgical facial rejuvenation techniques. Skin tone can be improved, wrinkles reduced or erased, and overall facial appearance improved - all without surgery.
Rodeo Drive Plastic Surgery Transformation Vacation™: For our out of town visitors, we've developed a specialized program to make travel for plastic surgery as simple and safe as possible.
Tummy Tuck or Abdominoplasty: Our unique approach to this plastic surgery procedure, including the Rodeo Drive Belly Button™ and the Rodeo Drive Mommy Makeover™ has been highlighted in many media outlets including The Wall Street Journal, The Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles Magazine, KTLA Morning News, Univision, England's Daily Mail, Japan's Chocolat Sienne Magazine, and on French Television. Our Rodeo Drive Belly Button™ was named the #1 new trend in US plastic surgery by Grazia, Britain’s most popular glossy magazine.
Liposuction: Rodeo Drive Plastic Surgery has developed a specialized "center within a center" focusing solely on providing expert liposuction. LipoPlus combines state of the art equipment, specialized staff training, and advanced technology to create the best possible liposuction results and customized recovery programs. First Year of Your Diet in a DayTM provides select candidates with especially dramatic body transformation. Our approach to liposuction recently made news on Access Hollywood, KTLA Morning News, The Los Angeles Daily News, and Telemundo.
Breast Augmentation: Our plastic surgeons provide expert breast enhancement with both saline and silicone breast implants. We also provide specialist breast implant revision, for people who have had previous breast augmentation surgery. Our work doing breast augmentation has been featured in The Los Angeles Times, InTouch Magazine, Access Hollywood, and Univision.
Breast Lift or Mastopexy: Breast rejuvenation offers dramatic improvements in the shape and contour of breasts. This procedure is often combined with other procedures as part of the Rodeo Drive Mommy Makeover™.
Facelift: Our approach to facial rejuvenation stresses very natural results, with minimal downtime following the procedure.
Eyelid Surgery or Blepharoplasty: Facial rejuvenation can be very impressive when the eyelids are refreshed. Eyelid lift procedures can dramatically enhance facial appearance.
New! Read about
our Gift Card.
Featured on CNBC.
Brow Lift: This procedure can provide excellent improvement and freshening of facial appearance for both men and women.
Nose Reshaping or Rhinoplasty: By improving the shape of the nose, our plastic surgeons help patients achieve the facial appearance they have been looking for. Our plastic surgeons are experts in both primary and revision nose plastic surgery.
Plastic Surgery for Men: Men are different from women, and plastic surgery must be customized for them. Our plastic surgeons understand the unique anatomic and other plastic surgery requirements of men. This is one of our specialties at Rodeo Drive Plastic Surgery, and our work doing cosmetic surgery for men has been featured on Access Hollywood, KTLA Morning News, and The Los Angeles Daily News.
Rodeo Drive Chin Rejuvenation™: This minimally invasive procedure can provide impressive results to both women and men unhappy with fullness in the neck or a "double chin."
BOTOX ® Cosmetic, Restylane, Juvederm, Sculptra: Our expert physicians can achieve dramatic results with these non-surgical facial rejuvenation techniques. Skin tone can be improved, wrinkles reduced or erased, and overall facial appearance improved - all without surgery.
Rodeo Drive Plastic Surgery Transformation Vacation™: For our out of town visitors, we've developed a specialized program to make travel for plastic surgery as simple and safe as possible.
Breast implant glossary
Asymmetry
Uneven appearance between a woman's breasts in terms of size, shape, or breast level.
Augmentation
Includes cosmetic uses, such as to increase breast size or for ptosis (sagging or drooping of the breast) or asymmetry. Augmentation is one of three indications (clinical uses) for breast implants.
Breast pain
Pain in the nipple or breast area. See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Breast pocket
A pocket surgically created to hold the implant.
Breast tissue atrophy
Thinning and shrinking of the skin.
Calcification/ calcium deposits
Hard lumps under the skin around the implant. These can be mistaken for cancer during mammography, resulting in additional surgery, either to biopsy the lumps or to remove the implant.
Capsular contracture
Scar tissue or capsule that normally forms around the implant, which tightens or squeezes the implant. There are four grades of capsular contracture ranging from grade I (breast is normally soft and looks natural) to grade IV (breast is hard, painful, and looks abnormal). See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Chest wall deformity
When the chest wall or underlying rib cage appears deformed following removal of the implants and breast tissue.
Delayed wound healing
Incision site fails to heal normally or takes longer to heal.
Extracapsular rupture
Rupture of silicone gel-filled breast implant in which the silicone gel is outside of the fibrous scar capsule that forms around the implant.
Extrusion
Skin breakdown with the implant appearing through the skin.
Galactorrhea
Inappropriate breast milk production that may occur after breast implant surgery. In some cases, the milk production stops by itself or after receiving medicine to stop milk production. In other cases, the implant(s) may need to be removed to treat this complication.
Granuloma
Non-cancerous lumps that can form when certain body cells surround foreign material, such as silicone. Like any lump, it should be evaluated to distinguish it from a lump that might be cancerous.
Hematoma
Collection of blood inside a body cavity. Swelling, pain, and bruising may result. If a hematoma occurs, it will usually be soon after surgery; however, it can also occur at any time after injury to the breast. While the body absorbs small hematomas, large ones may require the placement of surgical drains for proper healing. A small scar can result from surgical draining.
Iatrogenic injury/damage
Injury/damage to the tissue or implant due to surgical instruments either during the operation, during a reoperation, during implant removal, or during breast procedures while the implant is in place (e.g., cyst aspiration or hematoma drainage).
Infection
Can occur with any surgery when wounds are contaminated with micro-organisms such as bacteria or fungi. Most infections resulting from surgery appear within a few days to weeks after the operation. However, infection is possible at any time after surgery. Infections with an implant present are harder to treat than infections in normal body tissues. If an infection does not respond to antibiotics, the implant may have to be removed. Another implant may be placed after the infection is gone.
Inframammary
Within the breast fold.
Inflammation/ irritation
Swelling of the breast area, usually with redness.
Intracapsular rupture
Rupture of silicone gel-filled breast implant in which the silicone gel remains contained within the fibrous capsule.
Investigational
Not approved, in general terms. For breast implants, this means not PMA-approved.
Investigational Device Exemption (IDE)
Clinical study performed to collect clinical data on a device to support approval of a marketing application. Approval of an IDE study does not mean approval to market the implant. The status of a device in an IDE study is investigational.
Local complications
Complications that occur in the breast or chest area.
Malposition/ displacement
When the implant is placed incorrectly during the initial surgery or when the implant has moved/shifted from its original position. Shifting can be caused by many factors, such as gravity, trauma, poor initial placement, and capsular contracture.
Mastectomy
Partial or complete removal of the breast.
Mastopexy
Surgical procedure to raise and reshape sagging breasts. Women may also have this surgery after an implant is removed and not replaced.
Necrosis
Formation of dead tissue around the implant. Factors associated with increased necrosis include infection, use of steroids in the surgical breast pocket, smoking, chemotherapy/radiation, and excessive heat or cold therapy.
Nipple/breast sensation changes
An increase or a decrease in the sensation in the nipple or breast. This change can vary in degree and may be temporary or permanent. It may affect comfort while nursing or sexual response. See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Palpability/ visibility Palpability is when the implant can be felt through the skin. Visibility is when the implant can be seen through the skin, such as the valve on a saline-filled breast implant or the edge of an implant.
Periareolar
Around the nipple.
Premarket approval (PMA)
Application for marketing a device. FDA must approve the PMA for the device to be sold on the market in the U.S.
Prospective study
Study in which people are exposed to a medical intervention, such as breast implants, and then observed over time to determine how effective and safe the intervention is. The outcome is not known when a prospective study is started. Medical evaluations are performed before and after the intervention so that the outcome of the intervention can be measured.
Ptosis
Sagging/drooping of the breast.
Reconstruction
Includes non-cosmetic uses such as post-mastectomy, a severe injury to the breast, a birth defect that affects the breast, or a medical condition causing a severe breast abnormality. Reconstruction is one of three indications (clinical uses) for breast implants.
Redness/ bruising
Bleeding at operative site that causes discoloration and varies in degree and length of time. This is expected following breast implant surgery or breast procedures.
Reduction mammoplasty
Surgical procedure to reduce breast size.
Removal
Removal of the implant, with or without replacement. See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Reoperation
Any additional surgery performed to the breast or chest area. See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Retrospective study
Study that begins after a medical intervention, such as breast implant surgery, has occurred. Therefore, it looks backward in time at events complications that happened in the past. For instance, a group of women with breast implants may be identified and then asked to allow researchers to review their medical records to obtain information on complications that they had. Women might also be asked to respond to a survey or interview about whether or not they had complications with their implants. The problem with this type of study is that it assumes that if there was a problem, it would be in the medical record or that someone would remember it accurately.
Revision
This is replacement of an existing breast implant. Revision is one of three indications (clinical uses) for breast implants.
Rupture/ deflation
Hole or tear in the shell of the implant that allows for loss of the filler material from the shell. See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Scarring
Formation of tissue at the incision. All wounds heal by the formation of a scar. The degree of scarring varies from person to person, and skin type is an important factor for the development of scars. If the scarring becomes irregular and raised, it is called hypertrophic scarring. This may leave a visible, permanent scar. The keloid, a severe type of hypertrophic scar, generally does not fade or flatten with time.
Seroma
Collection of the watery portion of the blood around the implant or around the incision. Swelling, pain, and bruising may result. While the body absorbs small seromas, large ones will require the placement of surgical drains for proper healing. A small scar can result from surgical draining.
Silent rupture
Rupture of a silicone gel-filled breast implant that happens without a visible change or feel by the woman and is not evident by a physical examination by the doctor.
Silicone
Silicone is a man-made material that can be found in several forms such as oil, gel, or rubber (elastomer). The exact make-up of silicone will be different depending on its use. See the Device Description section for more details.
Subglandular When the implant is placed under and within the breast glands but on top of the chest muscles.
Submuscular
When the implant is placed underneath the chest muscles.
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Rare, but life-threatening bacterial infection that may occur after surgery. Symptoms include sudden fever, vomiting, diarrhea, fainting, dizziness, and sunburn-like rash. A doctor should be seen immediately for diagnosis and treatment if toxic shock syndrome is suspected.
Transaxillary
Under the arm.
Unsatisfactory style/size
Patient or doctor is not satisfied with the overall look based on the style or size of implant used.
Wrinkling/ rippling Wrinkling of the implant that can be felt or seen through the skin
Uneven appearance between a woman's breasts in terms of size, shape, or breast level.
Augmentation
Includes cosmetic uses, such as to increase breast size or for ptosis (sagging or drooping of the breast) or asymmetry. Augmentation is one of three indications (clinical uses) for breast implants.
Breast pain
Pain in the nipple or breast area. See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Breast pocket
A pocket surgically created to hold the implant.
Breast tissue atrophy
Thinning and shrinking of the skin.
Calcification/ calcium deposits
Hard lumps under the skin around the implant. These can be mistaken for cancer during mammography, resulting in additional surgery, either to biopsy the lumps or to remove the implant.
Capsular contracture
Scar tissue or capsule that normally forms around the implant, which tightens or squeezes the implant. There are four grades of capsular contracture ranging from grade I (breast is normally soft and looks natural) to grade IV (breast is hard, painful, and looks abnormal). See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Chest wall deformity
When the chest wall or underlying rib cage appears deformed following removal of the implants and breast tissue.
Delayed wound healing
Incision site fails to heal normally or takes longer to heal.
Extracapsular rupture
Rupture of silicone gel-filled breast implant in which the silicone gel is outside of the fibrous scar capsule that forms around the implant.
Extrusion
Skin breakdown with the implant appearing through the skin.
Galactorrhea
Inappropriate breast milk production that may occur after breast implant surgery. In some cases, the milk production stops by itself or after receiving medicine to stop milk production. In other cases, the implant(s) may need to be removed to treat this complication.
Granuloma
Non-cancerous lumps that can form when certain body cells surround foreign material, such as silicone. Like any lump, it should be evaluated to distinguish it from a lump that might be cancerous.
Hematoma
Collection of blood inside a body cavity. Swelling, pain, and bruising may result. If a hematoma occurs, it will usually be soon after surgery; however, it can also occur at any time after injury to the breast. While the body absorbs small hematomas, large ones may require the placement of surgical drains for proper healing. A small scar can result from surgical draining.
Iatrogenic injury/damage
Injury/damage to the tissue or implant due to surgical instruments either during the operation, during a reoperation, during implant removal, or during breast procedures while the implant is in place (e.g., cyst aspiration or hematoma drainage).
Infection
Can occur with any surgery when wounds are contaminated with micro-organisms such as bacteria or fungi. Most infections resulting from surgery appear within a few days to weeks after the operation. However, infection is possible at any time after surgery. Infections with an implant present are harder to treat than infections in normal body tissues. If an infection does not respond to antibiotics, the implant may have to be removed. Another implant may be placed after the infection is gone.
Inframammary
Within the breast fold.
Inflammation/ irritation
Swelling of the breast area, usually with redness.
Intracapsular rupture
Rupture of silicone gel-filled breast implant in which the silicone gel remains contained within the fibrous capsule.
Investigational
Not approved, in general terms. For breast implants, this means not PMA-approved.
Investigational Device Exemption (IDE)
Clinical study performed to collect clinical data on a device to support approval of a marketing application. Approval of an IDE study does not mean approval to market the implant. The status of a device in an IDE study is investigational.
Local complications
Complications that occur in the breast or chest area.
Malposition/ displacement
When the implant is placed incorrectly during the initial surgery or when the implant has moved/shifted from its original position. Shifting can be caused by many factors, such as gravity, trauma, poor initial placement, and capsular contracture.
Mastectomy
Partial or complete removal of the breast.
Mastopexy
Surgical procedure to raise and reshape sagging breasts. Women may also have this surgery after an implant is removed and not replaced.
Necrosis
Formation of dead tissue around the implant. Factors associated with increased necrosis include infection, use of steroids in the surgical breast pocket, smoking, chemotherapy/radiation, and excessive heat or cold therapy.
Nipple/breast sensation changes
An increase or a decrease in the sensation in the nipple or breast. This change can vary in degree and may be temporary or permanent. It may affect comfort while nursing or sexual response. See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Palpability/ visibility Palpability is when the implant can be felt through the skin. Visibility is when the implant can be seen through the skin, such as the valve on a saline-filled breast implant or the edge of an implant.
Periareolar
Around the nipple.
Premarket approval (PMA)
Application for marketing a device. FDA must approve the PMA for the device to be sold on the market in the U.S.
Prospective study
Study in which people are exposed to a medical intervention, such as breast implants, and then observed over time to determine how effective and safe the intervention is. The outcome is not known when a prospective study is started. Medical evaluations are performed before and after the intervention so that the outcome of the intervention can be measured.
Ptosis
Sagging/drooping of the breast.
Reconstruction
Includes non-cosmetic uses such as post-mastectomy, a severe injury to the breast, a birth defect that affects the breast, or a medical condition causing a severe breast abnormality. Reconstruction is one of three indications (clinical uses) for breast implants.
Redness/ bruising
Bleeding at operative site that causes discoloration and varies in degree and length of time. This is expected following breast implant surgery or breast procedures.
Reduction mammoplasty
Surgical procedure to reduce breast size.
Removal
Removal of the implant, with or without replacement. See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Reoperation
Any additional surgery performed to the breast or chest area. See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Retrospective study
Study that begins after a medical intervention, such as breast implant surgery, has occurred. Therefore, it looks backward in time at events complications that happened in the past. For instance, a group of women with breast implants may be identified and then asked to allow researchers to review their medical records to obtain information on complications that they had. Women might also be asked to respond to a survey or interview about whether or not they had complications with their implants. The problem with this type of study is that it assumes that if there was a problem, it would be in the medical record or that someone would remember it accurately.
Revision
This is replacement of an existing breast implant. Revision is one of three indications (clinical uses) for breast implants.
Rupture/ deflation
Hole or tear in the shell of the implant that allows for loss of the filler material from the shell. See the Local Complications & Reoperations section for more details.
Scarring
Formation of tissue at the incision. All wounds heal by the formation of a scar. The degree of scarring varies from person to person, and skin type is an important factor for the development of scars. If the scarring becomes irregular and raised, it is called hypertrophic scarring. This may leave a visible, permanent scar. The keloid, a severe type of hypertrophic scar, generally does not fade or flatten with time.
Seroma
Collection of the watery portion of the blood around the implant or around the incision. Swelling, pain, and bruising may result. While the body absorbs small seromas, large ones will require the placement of surgical drains for proper healing. A small scar can result from surgical draining.
Silent rupture
Rupture of a silicone gel-filled breast implant that happens without a visible change or feel by the woman and is not evident by a physical examination by the doctor.
Silicone
Silicone is a man-made material that can be found in several forms such as oil, gel, or rubber (elastomer). The exact make-up of silicone will be different depending on its use. See the Device Description section for more details.
Subglandular When the implant is placed under and within the breast glands but on top of the chest muscles.
Submuscular
When the implant is placed underneath the chest muscles.
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Rare, but life-threatening bacterial infection that may occur after surgery. Symptoms include sudden fever, vomiting, diarrhea, fainting, dizziness, and sunburn-like rash. A doctor should be seen immediately for diagnosis and treatment if toxic shock syndrome is suspected.
Transaxillary
Under the arm.
Unsatisfactory style/size
Patient or doctor is not satisfied with the overall look based on the style or size of implant used.
Wrinkling/ rippling Wrinkling of the implant that can be felt or seen through the skin
Cosmetic Laser Surgery
In recent years, lasers have shed their science fictional image to become a surgeon's and dermatologist's most promising weapon in the fight against aging skin. According to the American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery in Chicago, nearly 170,000 Americans, men and women, underwent laser resurfacing of the face in 1998, up from 138,891 in 1996--a 64 percent increase. That's nearly twice the number of the more traditional surgical facelifts performed in the same year.
Laser resurfacing is a very controlled burning procedure during which a laser vaporizes superficial layers of facial skin, removing not only wrinkles and lines caused by sun damage and facial expressions, but also acne scars, some folds and creases around the nose and mouth, and even precancerous and benign superficial growths. In a sense, the laser procedure creates a fresh surface over which new skin can grow.
While the Food and Drug Administration does not regulate how surgeons carry out these procedures, it is responsible for clearing lasers for marketing for the uses requested by the device's manufacturer.
Lasers in Cosmetic Surgery
Since their 1958 discovery, lasers have become a powerful industrial tool, but their applications in medicine have been truly revolutionary. One reason, says Richard Felten, a senior reviewer in FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health, is that lasers used as surgical tools can cut through tissue without causing excessive bleeding. In fact, lasers actually can coagulate tissue to stop bleeding. "That's something a knife can't do," Felten says. Also, for many internal procedures, surgeons can get the laser's energy to reach areas within the body more easily than with a scalpel. And finally, the wavelengths of the laser light itself lets surgeons use the device selectively on very specific types of tissues, such as port wine stains or hair follicles, without affecting nearby tissue. (See "Other Laser Treatments")
But using lasers for facial skin resurfacing was discovered almost by accident, Felten says. In the course of treating acne scars with a laser, surgeons noticed that after resurfacing the skin around the scar to make the scar less visible, small adjacent wrinkles were greatly diminished.
"Resurfacing is very appealing to people," says Stephen W. Perkins, M.D., president of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and of the Meridian Plastic Surgery Center of Indianapolis, Ind., "because it is a way of refreshing the skin's surface and getting a new layer of non-sun damaged and more youthful skin."
Collagen is a key fibrous protein in the skin's connective tissue, and it helps give the skin its texture. Natural aging and such factors as sun damage and smoking help break down the collagen layer so that the skin's once smooth surface develops wrinkles. New, more youthful collagen actually forms after laser treatment, says A. Jay Burns, M.D., partner in the Dallas Plastic Surgery Institute and assistant professor of plastic surgery at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School.
Laser resurfacing can often make patients look 10 to 20 years younger, and the results can last for eight to 10 years, says Tina Alster, M.D., director of the Washington Institute of Dermatologic Laser Surgery in the nation's capital. But she warns that after surgery, patients must avoid sunbathing and destroying their skin again. Patients can have a repeat treatment after one year, but usually the first procedure is so successful a follow-up is not needed.
Lasers cannot rejuvenate skin on other parts of the body nor can laser treatment lift or remove sagging jowls or smooth out "crepey" or sagging neck skin. These conditions only respond to traditional cut-and-stitch surgical methods.
Is Resurfacing for You?
Not everyone makes an ideal candidate for laser resurfacing, Perkins explains. "Certain people with very sensitive skin cannot tolerate the medications and lubricants used on the skin during healing." Perkins also feels that the darker-skinned ethnic groups are not candidates because the laser treatment alters the color of skin too dramatically and unpredictably. Alster, on the other hand, believes that in the hands of a very experienced surgeon, people with darker skin tones, although not ideal candidates, can benefit from surgery.
Alster warns that anyone not mentally prepared for resurfacing or who expects instant results is not a good candidate. "This is not easy in-easy out surgery," she says. "Potential patients have to realize that there will be bruising and swelling and they will be holed up in the house for seven to 10 days," she says. "They will have a crusty, oozy, bruised, scabbed, raw-appearing face." Further, they should not expect unflawed skin. "I can't deliver that," she says. "I am not able to give unlined, unscarred skin." Patients, however, can expect a 50 percent or greater improvement.
They must also plan on at least 10 days of healing before applying any makeup. For satisfactory healing, that means following rigorous after-care treatment, including proper skin cleansing, the application of a skin lubricant, and the frequent changing of dressings.
What Are the Risks?
As with any medical procedure, patients may experience certain complications--most temporary--including a prolonged redness of skin, tenderness, easy flushing, and some pigmentary changes, like hyperpigmentation, when the skin appears darker than normal, says Rox Anderson, M.D., director of the Laser Center at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.
Other risks are more serious, and possibly permanent, including hypopigmentation, or lightening of the skin. "Somewhere between one to two years after treatment it becomes clear that there is a permanent lightening of the skin color where the resurfacing was done," he says.
And scarring may occur in about 2 percent of the cases, he adds, from poor postoperative care, during which time an infection may develop. Or a surgeon may go too deep during the procedure, creating an injury the skin cannot repair, says Alster.
Consider the case of Anne Jones (not her real name) in semi-rural Mississippi, a stay-at-home mom and a doctor's wife. Wanting to remove some mild acne scars, she went to a well-respected local plastic surgeon, but after a five-month recovery period, Jones realized that something had gone very wrong. "He had just burned my face," she says. It was red, with scar tissue all over, she adds.
Eventually, Jones went for help to an ophthalmologist who had extensive laser knowledge--many ophthalmologists use lasers for corrective eye surgery. He took one look at her and exclaimed, "Oh, I am so sorry this has happened to you." He told her that the surgeon had been too aggressive and had not used the right settings, so that her skin had retained too much heat and had been severely burned.
Because both qualified and unqualified practitioners are flooding the cosmetic laser surgery field, consumers may face some real hazards. "All of a sudden, there's widespread use of lasers by unqualified people," says Perkins, who notes that some laser manufacturers are so eager to sell their products that they stage one- or two-day meetings, or courses, for training. That means that even dentists, obstetricians, gynecologists, and family doctors are now offering laser surgery, says Alster.
"The person planning to do laser surgery must understand the basic physics of how laser energy is absorbed by tissue and how tissue responds," warns FDA's Felten. "Then that person should go where the surgery is performed and watch a skilled surgeon use the equipment." Besides that, says Anderson, the best people to work with lasers on skin conditions are the professionals who best understand skin and surgery of the skin: dermatologists and plastic surgeons.
"Sometimes people may choose the wrong laser, or a surgeon may believe more is better, which can lead to significant burning," says Alster. And some operators don't know they must keep wiping off the partially desiccated skin or that they must keep moving the hand holding the laser instrument during the procedure.
To date, no national policy exists for credentialing those planning to practice laser surgery. Felten says FDA is responsible for granting individual manufacturers permission to market their lasers for the specific indications requested. FDA also often recommends training needed to operate the lasers.
But credentialing is a state function, since states are responsible for the licensing of doctors and nurses, and standards for laser training vary from state to state.
That's bad news for patients like Jones. Two years after her procedure, she has spent nearly $70,000 for both the initial surgery and subsequent consultations and corrective surgeries to remove the scarring. She says she has partially reclaimed her life. But she bitterly regrets undergoing the initial surgery. "I will never look right," says Jones. "I would never do this again."
Finding the Best Surgeon
Selecting a laser surgeon is just like picking a qualified doctor for any medical treatment. "Consumers ask more questions of auto mechanics," says Alster. "This is surgery and with it comes inherent risks and complications. While it is perceived as easy, it is not. When you are talking about skin, it is harder to treat than eyes."
The Internet is a good place to start the search. Consumers can find thousands of Websites, including those for specialists, laser and plastic surgery societies, and information pages. But consumers should be wary of assuming the accuracy of any information taken off the Internet because the unscrupulous can put up their own Web pages just as easily as can the qualified.
Alster suggests interviewing several doctors and evaluating their answers and their credentials. After all, she adds, it's the doctor's skill that counts--the laser is just the doctor's tool.
The next step is crucial: asking the right questions. Alster advises asking where the doctor has trained and if he or she owns or rents the equipment--those who own have likely made a commitment to training and to laser surgery. Ask to see before and after pictures of the doctor's cases, and find out how many different types of lasers the doctor owns and how often each piece of equipment is used. "There is not one laser that does everything," she says, cautioning patients to select a surgeon whose practice offers more than one laser system. "One needs to use [the right] laser for the right lesion. So the person examining you must make the correct diagnosis," she says. Alster herself has at least 10 different lasers in her office.
Laser resurfacing is a very controlled burning procedure during which a laser vaporizes superficial layers of facial skin, removing not only wrinkles and lines caused by sun damage and facial expressions, but also acne scars, some folds and creases around the nose and mouth, and even precancerous and benign superficial growths. In a sense, the laser procedure creates a fresh surface over which new skin can grow.
While the Food and Drug Administration does not regulate how surgeons carry out these procedures, it is responsible for clearing lasers for marketing for the uses requested by the device's manufacturer.
Lasers in Cosmetic Surgery
Since their 1958 discovery, lasers have become a powerful industrial tool, but their applications in medicine have been truly revolutionary. One reason, says Richard Felten, a senior reviewer in FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health, is that lasers used as surgical tools can cut through tissue without causing excessive bleeding. In fact, lasers actually can coagulate tissue to stop bleeding. "That's something a knife can't do," Felten says. Also, for many internal procedures, surgeons can get the laser's energy to reach areas within the body more easily than with a scalpel. And finally, the wavelengths of the laser light itself lets surgeons use the device selectively on very specific types of tissues, such as port wine stains or hair follicles, without affecting nearby tissue. (See "Other Laser Treatments")
But using lasers for facial skin resurfacing was discovered almost by accident, Felten says. In the course of treating acne scars with a laser, surgeons noticed that after resurfacing the skin around the scar to make the scar less visible, small adjacent wrinkles were greatly diminished.
"Resurfacing is very appealing to people," says Stephen W. Perkins, M.D., president of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and of the Meridian Plastic Surgery Center of Indianapolis, Ind., "because it is a way of refreshing the skin's surface and getting a new layer of non-sun damaged and more youthful skin."
Collagen is a key fibrous protein in the skin's connective tissue, and it helps give the skin its texture. Natural aging and such factors as sun damage and smoking help break down the collagen layer so that the skin's once smooth surface develops wrinkles. New, more youthful collagen actually forms after laser treatment, says A. Jay Burns, M.D., partner in the Dallas Plastic Surgery Institute and assistant professor of plastic surgery at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School.
Laser resurfacing can often make patients look 10 to 20 years younger, and the results can last for eight to 10 years, says Tina Alster, M.D., director of the Washington Institute of Dermatologic Laser Surgery in the nation's capital. But she warns that after surgery, patients must avoid sunbathing and destroying their skin again. Patients can have a repeat treatment after one year, but usually the first procedure is so successful a follow-up is not needed.
Lasers cannot rejuvenate skin on other parts of the body nor can laser treatment lift or remove sagging jowls or smooth out "crepey" or sagging neck skin. These conditions only respond to traditional cut-and-stitch surgical methods.
Is Resurfacing for You?
Not everyone makes an ideal candidate for laser resurfacing, Perkins explains. "Certain people with very sensitive skin cannot tolerate the medications and lubricants used on the skin during healing." Perkins also feels that the darker-skinned ethnic groups are not candidates because the laser treatment alters the color of skin too dramatically and unpredictably. Alster, on the other hand, believes that in the hands of a very experienced surgeon, people with darker skin tones, although not ideal candidates, can benefit from surgery.
Alster warns that anyone not mentally prepared for resurfacing or who expects instant results is not a good candidate. "This is not easy in-easy out surgery," she says. "Potential patients have to realize that there will be bruising and swelling and they will be holed up in the house for seven to 10 days," she says. "They will have a crusty, oozy, bruised, scabbed, raw-appearing face." Further, they should not expect unflawed skin. "I can't deliver that," she says. "I am not able to give unlined, unscarred skin." Patients, however, can expect a 50 percent or greater improvement.
They must also plan on at least 10 days of healing before applying any makeup. For satisfactory healing, that means following rigorous after-care treatment, including proper skin cleansing, the application of a skin lubricant, and the frequent changing of dressings.
What Are the Risks?
As with any medical procedure, patients may experience certain complications--most temporary--including a prolonged redness of skin, tenderness, easy flushing, and some pigmentary changes, like hyperpigmentation, when the skin appears darker than normal, says Rox Anderson, M.D., director of the Laser Center at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.
Other risks are more serious, and possibly permanent, including hypopigmentation, or lightening of the skin. "Somewhere between one to two years after treatment it becomes clear that there is a permanent lightening of the skin color where the resurfacing was done," he says.
And scarring may occur in about 2 percent of the cases, he adds, from poor postoperative care, during which time an infection may develop. Or a surgeon may go too deep during the procedure, creating an injury the skin cannot repair, says Alster.
Consider the case of Anne Jones (not her real name) in semi-rural Mississippi, a stay-at-home mom and a doctor's wife. Wanting to remove some mild acne scars, she went to a well-respected local plastic surgeon, but after a five-month recovery period, Jones realized that something had gone very wrong. "He had just burned my face," she says. It was red, with scar tissue all over, she adds.
Eventually, Jones went for help to an ophthalmologist who had extensive laser knowledge--many ophthalmologists use lasers for corrective eye surgery. He took one look at her and exclaimed, "Oh, I am so sorry this has happened to you." He told her that the surgeon had been too aggressive and had not used the right settings, so that her skin had retained too much heat and had been severely burned.
Because both qualified and unqualified practitioners are flooding the cosmetic laser surgery field, consumers may face some real hazards. "All of a sudden, there's widespread use of lasers by unqualified people," says Perkins, who notes that some laser manufacturers are so eager to sell their products that they stage one- or two-day meetings, or courses, for training. That means that even dentists, obstetricians, gynecologists, and family doctors are now offering laser surgery, says Alster.
"The person planning to do laser surgery must understand the basic physics of how laser energy is absorbed by tissue and how tissue responds," warns FDA's Felten. "Then that person should go where the surgery is performed and watch a skilled surgeon use the equipment." Besides that, says Anderson, the best people to work with lasers on skin conditions are the professionals who best understand skin and surgery of the skin: dermatologists and plastic surgeons.
"Sometimes people may choose the wrong laser, or a surgeon may believe more is better, which can lead to significant burning," says Alster. And some operators don't know they must keep wiping off the partially desiccated skin or that they must keep moving the hand holding the laser instrument during the procedure.
To date, no national policy exists for credentialing those planning to practice laser surgery. Felten says FDA is responsible for granting individual manufacturers permission to market their lasers for the specific indications requested. FDA also often recommends training needed to operate the lasers.
But credentialing is a state function, since states are responsible for the licensing of doctors and nurses, and standards for laser training vary from state to state.
That's bad news for patients like Jones. Two years after her procedure, she has spent nearly $70,000 for both the initial surgery and subsequent consultations and corrective surgeries to remove the scarring. She says she has partially reclaimed her life. But she bitterly regrets undergoing the initial surgery. "I will never look right," says Jones. "I would never do this again."
Finding the Best Surgeon
Selecting a laser surgeon is just like picking a qualified doctor for any medical treatment. "Consumers ask more questions of auto mechanics," says Alster. "This is surgery and with it comes inherent risks and complications. While it is perceived as easy, it is not. When you are talking about skin, it is harder to treat than eyes."
The Internet is a good place to start the search. Consumers can find thousands of Websites, including those for specialists, laser and plastic surgery societies, and information pages. But consumers should be wary of assuming the accuracy of any information taken off the Internet because the unscrupulous can put up their own Web pages just as easily as can the qualified.
Alster suggests interviewing several doctors and evaluating their answers and their credentials. After all, she adds, it's the doctor's skill that counts--the laser is just the doctor's tool.
The next step is crucial: asking the right questions. Alster advises asking where the doctor has trained and if he or she owns or rents the equipment--those who own have likely made a commitment to training and to laser surgery. Ask to see before and after pictures of the doctor's cases, and find out how many different types of lasers the doctor owns and how often each piece of equipment is used. "There is not one laser that does everything," she says, cautioning patients to select a surgeon whose practice offers more than one laser system. "One needs to use [the right] laser for the right lesion. So the person examining you must make the correct diagnosis," she says. Alster herself has at least 10 different lasers in her office.
Breast Augmentation surgery
There are three possible sites for the insertion of an implant. The lower fold of the breast is the most common site. It allows full excess and leaves a hidden scar. The second site is through the areola. This incision gives the best esthetic results but it is also the only one that goes through the breast tissue, therefore the risk of infection and sensation loss is higher. The third one is through the armpits. Some surgeons prefer the latter, because the scar is almost invisible (except for women who like to wear light sleeveless clothes). The disadvantage of this incision is a slight asymmetry of the breast. The decision is usually made individually, with each woman and her surgeon.
The implant can be inserted above or below the chest muscles. The below position is preferred by most surgeons. With such positioning, it is less likely to feel the implant, a smaller chance of developing irregular folds or bumps on the surface of the breast, and the implant is less likely to drop. This kind of technique is suitable for women with relatively little extra skin and less fallen breasts.
Most implants are made of silicon. Since the FDA determined that these implants are safe for use, it is being widely used by most surgeons.
The implants come in two shapes: round and pear-shape, also called "anatomic implants", because their shape resembles the natural contour of the breast. They are more expensive and require larger excision.
The size of an implant usually depends on the woman's size and proportions. The average size is 300cc. It is believed that smaller implants bear lower complications.
After the surgery you'll be wearing a sports bra or a bandage. You'll continue wearing it at all times, day and night, for about a month. You'll be able to take a shower 24 hours after the surgery. The optimal results are usually seen 3 month after the surgery.
Several factors may complicate this procedure. Such complications are rare, and you should be aware of them: Bleeding around the area of the implant, infection, disturbances of sensation and touch around the nipples, silicon leak, rejection off an implant
The implant can be inserted above or below the chest muscles. The below position is preferred by most surgeons. With such positioning, it is less likely to feel the implant, a smaller chance of developing irregular folds or bumps on the surface of the breast, and the implant is less likely to drop. This kind of technique is suitable for women with relatively little extra skin and less fallen breasts.
Most implants are made of silicon. Since the FDA determined that these implants are safe for use, it is being widely used by most surgeons.
The implants come in two shapes: round and pear-shape, also called "anatomic implants", because their shape resembles the natural contour of the breast. They are more expensive and require larger excision.
The size of an implant usually depends on the woman's size and proportions. The average size is 300cc. It is believed that smaller implants bear lower complications.
After the surgery you'll be wearing a sports bra or a bandage. You'll continue wearing it at all times, day and night, for about a month. You'll be able to take a shower 24 hours after the surgery. The optimal results are usually seen 3 month after the surgery.
Several factors may complicate this procedure. Such complications are rare, and you should be aware of them: Bleeding around the area of the implant, infection, disturbances of sensation and touch around the nipples, silicon leak, rejection off an implant
Rhinoplasty nose Surgery job
Rhinoplasty is also commonly called a "nose job".
Rhinoplasty can be performed to meet aesthetic goals or for reconstructive purposes to correct birth defects or breathing problems. It can be combined with other surgical procedures such as chin augmentation to enhance the aesthetic results.
The procedure can reduce or increase the size of the nose, narrow the span of the nostrils, change the angle between the nose and upper lip, and/or change the tip or bridge of the nose. It can also correct some breathing problems.
Where is Nose Surgery performed?
Simple rhinoplasty is usually performed in an outpatient surgery center or in the surgeon's office. Most procedures take only an hour or two, and patients go home right away. Complex procedures may be performed in a hospital and require a short stay.
Rhinoplasty is usually performed by a surgeon with advanced training in plastic and reconstructive surgery.
How rhinoplasty is performed
Rhinoplasty involves the re-sculpting of the bone and cartilage. When operating on the nose, the surgeon can either work from within the nose by making an incision inside the nose, or work from the outside by making a small incision across the tissue that separates the nostrils. The latter is known as an "open" procedure.
It can be performed under a general anesthetic or with local anesthetic, depending on patient or doctor preference. Incisions are made inside the nostrils (closed rhinoplasty). Sometimes, tiny, inconspicuous incisions are also made on the columella, the bit of skin that separates the nostrils (open rhinoplasty). The surgeon first separates soft tissues of the nose from the underlying structures, then reshapes the cartilage and bone causing the deformity.
In some cases, the surgeon may shape a small piece of the patient's own cartilage or bone to strengthen or increase the structure of the nose. Sometimes this is done for cosmetic reasons (to improve the shape of the nasal tip, for example), or it may be done to improve breathing and function of the nose.
In rarer cases, a synthetic implant may be used to reconstruct the nose if the normal structure of bone and cartilage is badly damaged or weakened. Alloplastic synthetic materials are often associated with long-term complications such as migration and extrusion. Alternatively, cartilage from the septum, ear or rib may be used.
To improve nasal breathing function, a septoplasty may be performed, with or without cosmetic changes. The cartilage that is removed may be used as a graft to improve the appearance and structure of the nose.
Possible complications
• Re-operation: although not common, sometimes a second surgery may be required to correct a minor deformity that occurs as a result of the initial rhinoplasty.
• Surgery complications: as in any surgery there are some risks involves, including: infection; reaction to the anesthesia; nose bleeding.
• Burst blood vessels: sometimes small blood vessels may burst causing tiny red spots on the nose to surface. The spots are usually minor in appearance but can be permanent.
• Scarring: with the "open" procedure there is the possibility of scarring on the base of the nose.
Length of procedure
about two hours
Recovery
It usually takes around a few days.
Return to work / school is usually within a week.
Back to other normal activities according to surgeon’s guidelines.
Side effects (short-term)
• Small amount of bleeding in first few days;
• Splint applied to nose to help maintain new shape, nasal packs or soft plastic splints may be placed in nostrils to stabilize septum;
• Face will feel puffy;
• Nose may ache;
• Some headache;
• Swelling around the eyes, bruising around the eyes;
• Small burst blood vessels may appear as tiny red spots on the skin's surface.
Ethnic Nose Rhinoplasty
Many African-Americans or Asian-Americans, or those who have an “ethnic nose” choose to have an aesthetic rhinoplasty.
Although techniques and methods employed during rhinoplasty surgeries are the same regardless of race, there are some trends that apply to patients of certain ethnic backgrounds.
Asian-Rhinoplasty: Asian patients often want their noses to appear narrower. This can be done through the use of infractures, where the nasal bones are broken and moved in or reset to thin out the nasal area and add projection in the process. (Outfractures, where the nasal bones are broken and moved outwards, are used to widen a too-narrow dorsum.)
African-Rhinoplasty: One common trend in African American Rhinoplasty is to narrow wide nostrils. This procedure may include removing sections of the base of the nostrils or sections of the nose where it meets the face. The tip of the nose can be restructured by removing tiny sections of cartilage.
Revision rhinoplasty
Revision rhinoplasty is a nose operation carried out to correct or revise an unsatisfactory outcome from a previous rhinoplasty. It is also known as secondary rhinoplasty or tertiary rhinoplasty. There are two main reasons for performing secondary or tertiary rhinoplasty. The first is purely cosmetic. A patient may be unsatisfied with all or part of a previous nose “job,” because of the way their nose appears after rhinoplasty surgery. A nasal hump may not have been reduced enough, or too much. A prominent or bulbous nasal tip may have not been addressed appropriately, or over-aggressively. The nose may looked pinched, it may look like a parrot’s beak, or like a boxer’s nose. There are many ways in which previous nose surgery may have left a nose aesthetically unappealing to a patient. The second reason is functional. The original nasal surgery may have been carried out to help with difficulties in breathing, and the outcome may have been unsatisfactory. Alternatively, the original surgery may have been performed for cosmetic reasons, but may have disrupted a normal physiologic mechanism involving the inspiration or expiration of air, making it difficult to breathe. Secondary rhinoplasty, and especially tertiary rhinoplasty, are extremely complicated procedures. This is self-evident because it is clear that even when the patient was operated upon for the first time, even when the tissues were “virginal,” and untouched the desired result could not be obtained.
Rhinoplasty can be performed to meet aesthetic goals or for reconstructive purposes to correct birth defects or breathing problems. It can be combined with other surgical procedures such as chin augmentation to enhance the aesthetic results.
The procedure can reduce or increase the size of the nose, narrow the span of the nostrils, change the angle between the nose and upper lip, and/or change the tip or bridge of the nose. It can also correct some breathing problems.
Where is Nose Surgery performed?
Simple rhinoplasty is usually performed in an outpatient surgery center or in the surgeon's office. Most procedures take only an hour or two, and patients go home right away. Complex procedures may be performed in a hospital and require a short stay.
Rhinoplasty is usually performed by a surgeon with advanced training in plastic and reconstructive surgery.
How rhinoplasty is performed
Rhinoplasty involves the re-sculpting of the bone and cartilage. When operating on the nose, the surgeon can either work from within the nose by making an incision inside the nose, or work from the outside by making a small incision across the tissue that separates the nostrils. The latter is known as an "open" procedure.
It can be performed under a general anesthetic or with local anesthetic, depending on patient or doctor preference. Incisions are made inside the nostrils (closed rhinoplasty). Sometimes, tiny, inconspicuous incisions are also made on the columella, the bit of skin that separates the nostrils (open rhinoplasty). The surgeon first separates soft tissues of the nose from the underlying structures, then reshapes the cartilage and bone causing the deformity.
In some cases, the surgeon may shape a small piece of the patient's own cartilage or bone to strengthen or increase the structure of the nose. Sometimes this is done for cosmetic reasons (to improve the shape of the nasal tip, for example), or it may be done to improve breathing and function of the nose.
In rarer cases, a synthetic implant may be used to reconstruct the nose if the normal structure of bone and cartilage is badly damaged or weakened. Alloplastic synthetic materials are often associated with long-term complications such as migration and extrusion. Alternatively, cartilage from the septum, ear or rib may be used.
To improve nasal breathing function, a septoplasty may be performed, with or without cosmetic changes. The cartilage that is removed may be used as a graft to improve the appearance and structure of the nose.
Possible complications
• Re-operation: although not common, sometimes a second surgery may be required to correct a minor deformity that occurs as a result of the initial rhinoplasty.
• Surgery complications: as in any surgery there are some risks involves, including: infection; reaction to the anesthesia; nose bleeding.
• Burst blood vessels: sometimes small blood vessels may burst causing tiny red spots on the nose to surface. The spots are usually minor in appearance but can be permanent.
• Scarring: with the "open" procedure there is the possibility of scarring on the base of the nose.
Length of procedure
about two hours
Recovery
It usually takes around a few days.
Return to work / school is usually within a week.
Back to other normal activities according to surgeon’s guidelines.
Side effects (short-term)
• Small amount of bleeding in first few days;
• Splint applied to nose to help maintain new shape, nasal packs or soft plastic splints may be placed in nostrils to stabilize septum;
• Face will feel puffy;
• Nose may ache;
• Some headache;
• Swelling around the eyes, bruising around the eyes;
• Small burst blood vessels may appear as tiny red spots on the skin's surface.
Ethnic Nose Rhinoplasty
Many African-Americans or Asian-Americans, or those who have an “ethnic nose” choose to have an aesthetic rhinoplasty.
Although techniques and methods employed during rhinoplasty surgeries are the same regardless of race, there are some trends that apply to patients of certain ethnic backgrounds.
Asian-Rhinoplasty: Asian patients often want their noses to appear narrower. This can be done through the use of infractures, where the nasal bones are broken and moved in or reset to thin out the nasal area and add projection in the process. (Outfractures, where the nasal bones are broken and moved outwards, are used to widen a too-narrow dorsum.)
African-Rhinoplasty: One common trend in African American Rhinoplasty is to narrow wide nostrils. This procedure may include removing sections of the base of the nostrils or sections of the nose where it meets the face. The tip of the nose can be restructured by removing tiny sections of cartilage.
Revision rhinoplasty
Revision rhinoplasty is a nose operation carried out to correct or revise an unsatisfactory outcome from a previous rhinoplasty. It is also known as secondary rhinoplasty or tertiary rhinoplasty. There are two main reasons for performing secondary or tertiary rhinoplasty. The first is purely cosmetic. A patient may be unsatisfied with all or part of a previous nose “job,” because of the way their nose appears after rhinoplasty surgery. A nasal hump may not have been reduced enough, or too much. A prominent or bulbous nasal tip may have not been addressed appropriately, or over-aggressively. The nose may looked pinched, it may look like a parrot’s beak, or like a boxer’s nose. There are many ways in which previous nose surgery may have left a nose aesthetically unappealing to a patient. The second reason is functional. The original nasal surgery may have been carried out to help with difficulties in breathing, and the outcome may have been unsatisfactory. Alternatively, the original surgery may have been performed for cosmetic reasons, but may have disrupted a normal physiologic mechanism involving the inspiration or expiration of air, making it difficult to breathe. Secondary rhinoplasty, and especially tertiary rhinoplasty, are extremely complicated procedures. This is self-evident because it is clear that even when the patient was operated upon for the first time, even when the tissues were “virginal,” and untouched the desired result could not be obtained.
Japan Plastic surgery price
Botox:
from ¥42,000 per area
(Example: usual treatment for frown line - ¥42,000, Crows feet - ¥52,500 ~, Forehead wrinkles - ¥52,500) *Price varies depending on amount of wrinkles.
Thinning of jaw muscles & Hyperhidrosis of armpits, feet, hands– ¥105,000)
*Botox for headache - ￥15,000 (price for the trial treatment)
Restylane, Hyaluronic acid injection:
from ¥52,500 ~
(Example: Upper lip enhancement – ¥52,500~, Under eye “tear trough” – ¥52,500~, Nasolabial line (smile lines) - ¥52,500 ~ up)
Laser hair removal (Diode):
from ¥8,000 ~ *Price varies depending on area of skin. For more details, click here.
Laser for brown spots, vascular lesions:
from ¥10,500 ~
Laser for tattoo removal:
from ￥2,100/shot or
- small size from 21,000.
- size of a business card ￥52,500
- size of a post card ￥105,000
Laser for removal of stretch marks:
from ￥31,500 ~
IPL Laser for skin rejuvenation:
from ￥21,000 ~
Genesis Laser for Rosecea, Smooth surface, Tightening:
from ￥21,000 ~
Titan XL Laser for rejuvenation lifting:
from ￥31,500
Genesis/Titan Combo Treatment:
from ￥73,500 ~ (average ￥105,000)
Skin care:
from ¥9,450 (Retin A)
Obagi Nu-Derm – available
Piercing (ear):
￥4725 per ear
Piercing (body):
￥15,750 per area
Mole removal:
non-cutting or cutting from ¥5,250/1mm, ￥10,500/3mm (varies depending on the size)
Scar revision: from ¥21,000 ~ * depending on length
Scar revision:
from 21,000 yen. The price differs depending on the length and extent of the wounds that are involved. Please ask for details.
Hair transplant:
from 52,500 yen. Please ask for details.
Ear reconstruction:
ask for details
Asian double eyelids:
Non-cutting 1 point fixation - ¥31,500 (one side)
Non-cutting 3 point fixation (DST) - ¥73,500 ( ‘’ )
Cutting - from ￥315,000 ~
Blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery):
from ¥315,000 ~.
Nose:
Simple augmentation with implant – from ¥420,000 ~
Hump, width reduction – from ¥315,000 ~
Tip definition – from ¥315,000
Secondary, complicated case – from ¥630,000 ~
Chin augmentation with implants:
from ¥315,000 ~.
Osmidrosis (removal of odor from the armpits):
from 210,000. The price differs depending on the types of procedures required. Please ask for details.
Liposculpture (Fat removal and injection for the facial sagging/atrophy):
from ¥315,000 ~.
Liposuction:
from ¥315,000 per area (differs depending on the amount and extent)
Example – Lower abdomen from ¥315,000-￥525,000, Medial thigh from ¥315,000 ~ etc
* If general anesthetic is needed, the price is different from above.
Tummy tuck:
Price differs depending on the amount of tissue that need to be removed. Please ask for details.
Facelift:
from ¥630,000 ~ over ¥1,000,000
Breast*:
from ￥630,000 (both sides) ~ .
* The fee for the implants (bag) are separate. If general anesthetic is needed, the price is different from above.
Breast reduction:
Price differs depending on the amount of tissue that needs to be removed. Please ask for details.
Gynecomastia repair (Male Breast reduction):
Price differs depending on the amount of tissue that needs to be removed (525,000 Yen and up plus anesthetist fee). Please ask for details.
Nipple reduction:
from ￥210,000.
Labiaplasty, Gynecological Plastic procedures:
from ￥126,000 per side. Please inquire further.
ED, AGA medication:
Dispensed on the premises
*The cases such as breast augmentation and large amount of liposuction are done at an hospital or at a same-day surgery center. The price of those cases cost more since it reflects combined fee of surgery itself and other costs (surgery center fee and anesthesia fee). The general anesthesia is performed by a board-certified MD-anesthesiologist in the hospital or the surgery center NOT by the plastic surgeon himself as seen in most other clinics in Japan.
from ¥42,000 per area
(Example: usual treatment for frown line - ¥42,000, Crows feet - ¥52,500 ~, Forehead wrinkles - ¥52,500) *Price varies depending on amount of wrinkles.
Thinning of jaw muscles & Hyperhidrosis of armpits, feet, hands– ¥105,000)
*Botox for headache - ￥15,000 (price for the trial treatment)
Restylane, Hyaluronic acid injection:
from ¥52,500 ~
(Example: Upper lip enhancement – ¥52,500~, Under eye “tear trough” – ¥52,500~, Nasolabial line (smile lines) - ¥52,500 ~ up)
Laser hair removal (Diode):
from ¥8,000 ~ *Price varies depending on area of skin. For more details, click here.
Laser for brown spots, vascular lesions:
from ¥10,500 ~
Laser for tattoo removal:
from ￥2,100/shot or
- small size from 21,000.
- size of a business card ￥52,500
- size of a post card ￥105,000
Laser for removal of stretch marks:
from ￥31,500 ~
IPL Laser for skin rejuvenation:
from ￥21,000 ~
Genesis Laser for Rosecea, Smooth surface, Tightening:
from ￥21,000 ~
Titan XL Laser for rejuvenation lifting:
from ￥31,500
Genesis/Titan Combo Treatment:
from ￥73,500 ~ (average ￥105,000)
Skin care:
from ¥9,450 (Retin A)
Obagi Nu-Derm – available
Piercing (ear):
￥4725 per ear
Piercing (body):
￥15,750 per area
Mole removal:
non-cutting or cutting from ¥5,250/1mm, ￥10,500/3mm (varies depending on the size)
Scar revision: from ¥21,000 ~ * depending on length
Scar revision:
from 21,000 yen. The price differs depending on the length and extent of the wounds that are involved. Please ask for details.
Hair transplant:
from 52,500 yen. Please ask for details.
Ear reconstruction:
ask for details
Asian double eyelids:
Non-cutting 1 point fixation - ¥31,500 (one side)
Non-cutting 3 point fixation (DST) - ¥73,500 ( ‘’ )
Cutting - from ￥315,000 ~
Blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery):
from ¥315,000 ~.
Nose:
Simple augmentation with implant – from ¥420,000 ~
Hump, width reduction – from ¥315,000 ~
Tip definition – from ¥315,000
Secondary, complicated case – from ¥630,000 ~
Chin augmentation with implants:
from ¥315,000 ~.
Osmidrosis (removal of odor from the armpits):
from 210,000. The price differs depending on the types of procedures required. Please ask for details.
Liposculpture (Fat removal and injection for the facial sagging/atrophy):
from ¥315,000 ~.
Liposuction:
from ¥315,000 per area (differs depending on the amount and extent)
Example – Lower abdomen from ¥315,000-￥525,000, Medial thigh from ¥315,000 ~ etc
* If general anesthetic is needed, the price is different from above.
Tummy tuck:
Price differs depending on the amount of tissue that need to be removed. Please ask for details.
Facelift:
from ¥630,000 ~ over ¥1,000,000
Breast*:
from ￥630,000 (both sides) ~ .
* The fee for the implants (bag) are separate. If general anesthetic is needed, the price is different from above.
Breast reduction:
Price differs depending on the amount of tissue that needs to be removed. Please ask for details.
Gynecomastia repair (Male Breast reduction):
Price differs depending on the amount of tissue that needs to be removed (525,000 Yen and up plus anesthetist fee). Please ask for details.
Nipple reduction:
from ￥210,000.
Labiaplasty, Gynecological Plastic procedures:
from ￥126,000 per side. Please inquire further.
ED, AGA medication:
Dispensed on the premises
*The cases such as breast augmentation and large amount of liposuction are done at an hospital or at a same-day surgery center. The price of those cases cost more since it reflects combined fee of surgery itself and other costs (surgery center fee and anesthesia fee). The general anesthesia is performed by a board-certified MD-anesthesiologist in the hospital or the surgery center NOT by the plastic surgeon himself as seen in most other clinics in Japan.
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